Othello - Change Of Characters Essays (990 words) - Othello, Iago

Othello - Change of Characters Othello - Change of Characters Othello's character during the play is first shown as a hero of war and a man of great pride and courage. The other main characters in the play all form their own opinions of him and as the play continues, his character begins to deteriorate and become less noble. Chronologically through the play Othello's character changes from a flawless military leader, to become a murderer. Also as the play progresses, the other characters in the play change their opinions of Othello which causes the plot to happen the way it did. Throughout the first act of the play, Othello was shown as many different characters depending on who was speaking. Iago complains of Othello's pride and "bombast circumstance" and is angered by the appointment of Cassio, and educated military theoretician of Florence to lieutenant, instead of himself. Although he knows Othello is a proud man, his open and trusting nature in the beginning of the play will be eroded by the conclusion of the plot. As Iago is speaking to Brabantio about Othello, he uses the term "white ewe" to represent Desdemona, and"black ram" when referring to Othello. By using these terms, it shows that he is trying to give a bad impression of Othello when he is speaking to the royal family in Venice, because Othello is a Moor or a Negro. Iago shows his black hatred for the Moor, and his jealousy of Cassio in his first soliloquy and also reveals his evil intentions. As the act continues and Othello is being searched for by a group of people, Iago attempts to incite Othello into anger against Brabantio, but Othello does not take the bait. He feels that he (Brabantio) may do his worst because Othello is assured that his military services to the government will outweigh Brabantio's complaints of him marrying Desdemona. These answers to Iago's persistence show that he is still a character of calmness and dignity, and he still has the self-assurance suitable to command armies of men. When Othello is found by Cassio, he seems to be relieved because he does not like personal conflict, which would have occurred if Brabantio had found him instead. After he is found, Othello is taken to Brabantio where he is interrogated on how he possessed Desdemona enough in order to make her run off with him. Brabantio damns Othello and calls him an enchanter, saying that the "tender, fair, and happy" Desdemona was too shy of marriage, which is why she shunned all of the suitors sent to her. This entire scene helps to establish Othello as an alert and composed leader. Later in this act, Othello offers to explain how he won Desdemona. He chooses not to contradict or deny that he has used "magic" but when the true meaning of the "magic" comes to light it is shown that he used the magic of love and not a conjured magic. Iago also suspects Othello of having some kind of relationship with his own wife, although he doesn't know or even seem to care whether or not his suspicions have any foundation at all. Again, according to Iago, Othello is an "ass" because he has a"free and open nature." This act works as an introduction to the Othello character and shows how other characters react to his presence in different ways. The remaining acts of the play continue to show how the characters react to Othello's lifestyle changes. Even though he must rid Cassio of his lieutenant responsibilities forever, Othello explains how he still loves him. If it were up to him Othello would have reinstated Cassio at the first opportunity, but this would be bad political practice. He wishes to appease Desdemona by doing this but he realizes that he can't. These practices show that he is a good governor and does not wish to arouse hostilities in the city, with an untimely pardon of Cassio. Desdemona tells Emilia that Othello is not the jealous type, which Othello believes to be true himself. However, as the play progresses through Act 3, Othello talks to Iago telling him that their prior conversation gave him reason to suspect Desdemona's motives. As a reader, you can see that Othello's capacity for judgement has deteriorated up to this point, not only is his state of mind changing due to Iago's constant prodding, but his morals have also deteriorated along with his character. As the play winds to a close, the characters continue to show their own opinions on Othello. Many of the characters have

Facilitating A Nursing Home Communion Service Religion Essay Example

Facilitating A Nursing Home Communion Service Religion Essay Example Facilitating A Nursing Home Communion Service Religion Essay Facilitating A Nursing Home Communion Service Religion Essay What will be the intent of this session? The intent of the session is to introduce voluntaries with the policies and patterns related easing a nursing place Communion service for Catholic nursing place occupants. The coveted result is the sustaining of the spiritual, religious, mental and societal public assistance institutionalised elderly and frail people. What is the context of this group? The context of the group is aged and frail occupants of a Christian church benevolent aged attention installation who are good acquainted with each other, and lay Christian voluntaries working together in this country of Christian service and outreach. Educational PROGRAM Plan A. Peoples AND CONTEXT Who are the participants in this ministry? The participants in this ministry are laic Christian voluntaries and occupants in a church nursing place Catholic Communion service programme. What are some of the concerns, issues and demands that participants bring to this event? Participant concern of the ballad voluntaries and occupants may include right ritual, fear and format. Furthermore, issues such as domination differences, ecumenism and age infirmities are critical. Need issues may include cognition, spiritualty, and resources. What is the context of this ministry? The context of this ministry is the offering of religious nutriment and Catholic Holy Eucharist through a Communion service for nursing place occupants by ballad voluntary lay church members in a Christian aged attention installation. The occupant participants are predominately Anglo-Saxon, Christian, Protestant, upper in-between category, educated and range from low to high attention dependance with some dementedness. The voluntary participants are laic curates with fiting standards. B. PURPOSE AND HOPES Why are you offering this peculiar educational ministry? This educational ministry is offered to nursing place occupants of aged attention installations for their religious nutriment and counsel, every bit good as their societal and mental well-being. Furthermore, it is an chance to develop and fit ballad voluntaries with the accomplishments and experience to work in this meaningful field and in making so progress their ain religious journey through charitable Acts of the Apostless. As a consequence of this event, what do you trust will happen in the lives of your participants? This on-going event will offer occupants in the nursing place plan societal, emotional, religious comfort and nutriment. Lay voluntaries in the programme will derive spiritual, religious and community experience and satisfaction in their private and ministry lives. Why do you believe participants may take portion in this educational ministry? Residents will take part in this educational ministry because they have relevant wants and needs that will profit from this ministry activity. Lay voluntaries will take part in the programme because it will carry through their Christian desire for service and growing. How will their ownership be achieved? The ownership of the occupants in the ministry activity will be achieved by honoring people s word and fostering their sense of ritual and belonging, peculiarly gained through engagement. This will be enhanced by the attempts of the ballad voluntaries to carry on the service in such a mode as to guarantee they are secluded to a Communion service of exceeding liturgical content and presentation. The ownership of the ballad voluntaries will be achieved by ask foring them to hold their ain voice through sharing their experiences, feeling and ideas on relevant the issues How will this peculiar educational event relate to other educational ministry in your context? This Communion service educational event will associate to others by being portion of an overall ballad ministry for working and volunteering in countries of aged attention and community religious promotion. C. DESIGN What are the best scene, clip and topographic point for this design? The best scene for the occupants is state of affairs offering a religious and peaceable ambiance. The best clip for the occupants is mid forenoon when occupants are most watchful and comfy holding been dressed, toileted and fed. The best topographic point for the occupants is a quiet and secluded sitting room offering comfort and infinite. The best scene for the ballad voluntaries is a quiet state of affairs with a positive ambiance. The best clip is the first lesson of the forenoon. The best topographic point is a good lit, air-conditioned schoolroom with tabular arraies and chairs arranged in a round form equipped with whiteboard, projector and screen, computing machine installations and video/DVD proctor. What is your suggested overall intent and subject for this design? The overall intent and subject for this design is to fit ballad voluntaries with the accomplishments to take a hebdomadal Communion church service event which is fulfilling the expected spiritual religious wants and demands of the Catholic occupants in a nursing place scene. What are your intents and specific purposes for each session? The purpose of each session is to be after and bring forth a Communion service of an first-class criterion and bringing where Jesus is present. The intent of the Communion service is to convey Jesus Christ into the lives of each occupant and to hopefully guarantee that His presence remains with them until the following hebdomadal session. What resources will you necessitate? The resources needed for a Communion service for the nursing place occupants are a suited room, lay voluntaries, an alter tabular array and fabric, chairs, bible, candle, rood, mass sheet, song sheet, organ, event and door marks and other points relevant to running a church service. Resources needed for the voluntaries fall ining in this shared Christian practice design context are: a suited category room, equipped with appropriate learning installations such as a whiteboard, overhead projector and computing machine terminuss. How can you outdo prepare? The best readying for both the ballad voluntaries and nursing place occupants is attachment to the best scene, clip and topographic point demands and a personal committedness to the success of the instruction event/program. D. OUTLINE OF THE EDUCATIONAL EVENT/PROGAM Outline the whole session in sequence ( a running sheet ) Include: cardinal points of any presentation /input Include specific inquiries to steer conversation and any group work. OUTLINE OF THE EDUCATIONAL EVENT/PROGAM 1. Room apparatus: Table and chairs in suited agreement Whiteboard and markers Alter, fabric, rood, taper, bible, aggregate sheet, song sheet Harmonica Clock. Time frame: 45 proceedingss 2. Preamble: ( 2 proceedingss ) Commence with supplication ( ? ) Introduce myself. Explain what I propose to make. Explain why I am making it. Explain the two audience construct. 3. Concentrating Moment: ( 2-3 proceedingss ) Psalm 23 The Lord is My Shepherd Song sheet distributed to the category. Harmonica played by Roger. Candle alight on alter. 4. First Motion: ( 5 proceedingss -Big groups ) Naming Present Action ( Looking at life ) Ask the category As voluntaries what thoughts/images come to you when thought of sharing in a nursing place Communion service? Suggest the category breaks into two treatment groups to encephalon storm. Ask the category to reform into one group. Ask each group to portion their ideas on the inquiry. Write group remarks on the whiteboard. 5. Second Motion: ( 5 proceedingss Small groups ) Critical Contemplation on Present Action ( Sharing our life ) Ask the category What has influenced you to think/feel this manner about the religious wants and demands of the aged and institutional life? Suggest the category breaks into mated groups. Ask the category to reform into one group. Ask each group to portion their ideas on the inquiry. Write group remarks on the whiteboard. 6. Third Motion: ( 15 proceedingss -Big group ) The Christian Story and Vision ( Knowing our religion ) Class press release sheet on the Emmaus narrative. Remark on the nexus between the Emmaus narrative and a Communion service. Outline and show a nursing place Catholic Church Communion service. supplication Song Come As You Are ( press release ) Reading Gospel Holy sacrament Song God In Hidden Majesty ( press release ) Lead the presentation into the Emmaus narrative and the hope of life after decease. Make a statement on meeting God and fulfilling their religious demands and Jesus coming aboard. Reflect on spiritualty of senior old ages Seek engagement. 7. Fourth Motion: ( 10 minutes- Big group? ) Dialectic contemplation between the Christian Story and Vision and the participants narrative and vision ( Making faith our ain ) Having encountered this Emmaus narrative once more, what connexion do you do with the ministry we are involved with? As you reflect once more on the significance and intent of the Communion service and the ways in which Jesus comes along side us what connexion do you do with our ministry. 8. Fifth Motion: ( 5 minutes- Big group ) Decision and practice Response Dialectic Hermeneutic between the Christian Vision and Participants Visions ( Populating our religion ) How will this educational plan and your contemplation on it act upon your function as a prospective aged attention installation voluntary Communion service participant? Complete the session with the vocal Jesus Remember Me. RESOURCES Educational Event Design Class: USB stick ( ? ) Slide show presentation optical maser ( ? ) appropriate frock projector and screen Whiteboard and pens Missal Communion kit Nursing Home: Sacramental manduction curate voluntary helpers tabular array chairs door marks ( silence please church service ) table fabric rood Communion pyx taper bases for rood and taper musical instruments ( mouth organ ) bible vocal sheets Songs: The Lord is My Shepherd. Come As You Are God in Hidden Majesty. Jesus Remember Me. The Emmaus Story Luke 24:13-35A ( NRSV ) Now on that same twenty-four hours two of them were traveling to a small town called Emmaus, approximately seven stat mis from Jerusalem, and speaking with each other about all the things that had happened.A While they were speaking and discussing, Jesus himself came nigh and went with them, but their eyes were kept from acknowledging him.A And he said to them, What are you discoursing with each other while you walk along? A They stood still, looking sad.A Then one of them, whose name was Cleopas, answered him, A Are you the lone alien in Jerusalem who does non cognize the things that have taken topographic point in these yearss? A He asked them, What things? A They replied, The things about Jesus of Nazareth, who was a prophet mighty in title and word before God and all the people, and how our head priests and leaders handed him over to be condemned to decease and crucified him.A But we had hoped that he was the one to deliver Israel.A Yes and besides all this, it is now the 3rd twenty-four hours since these things took place.A Furthermore, some adult females of our group astounded us.A They were at the grave early this forenoon, and when they did non happen his organic structure at that place, the came back and told us that they had seen a vision of angels who said he was alive.A Some of those who were with us went to the grave and found it merely as the adult females had said ; but they did non see him.A Then he said to them, Oh, how foolish you are, and how slow of bosom to believe all that the Prophetss have declared! A Was it non necessary that the Messiah should endure these things and so come in into his glorification? A Then get downing with Moses and all the Prophetss, he interpreted to them the things about himself in all the scriptures.A As they came near the small town to which they were traveling, he walked in front as if he were traveling on.A But they urged him strongly, stating, Stay with us, because it is about evening and the twenty-four hours is now about over. A So he went in to remain with them.A When he was at the tabular array with them, he took staff of life, blessed and broke it, and gave it to them.A Then their eyes were opened, and they recognized him, and he vanished from their sight.A They said to each other, Were non our Black Marias firing within us, while he was speaking to us on the route, while he was opening the Bibles to us? A That same hr they got up and returned to Jerusalem ; and they found the 11 and their comrades gathered together.A They were stating, The Lord has risen so, and he has appeared to Simon! A Then they told what had happened on the route, and how he had been made known to them in the breakage of the staff of life. Lord Is My Shepherd Hymn The Lord is my Shepherd I shall non desire he maketh me down to lie in grazing lands green He leadeth me the quiet Waterss by. Refrain His yoke is easy, His load is light. I ve found it so, I ve found it so he leadeth me by twenty-four hours and by dark where populating Waterss flow. Refrain My psyche crieth out: Restore me once more, and give me the strength to take the narrow way of righteousness, Een for His ain Name s interest. Refrain Yea, Tho I should walk the vale of decease yet why should I fear from ailment? For Thou art with me, and Thy rod and staff me comfort still. Refrain Come As You Are Come as you are, that s how I want you come as you are, feel rather at place near to my bosom, loved and forgiven come as you are, why stand entirely? No demand to fear, love sets no bounds no demand to fear, love neer terminals do nt run off ashamed and disheartened remainder in my love, swear me once more. I came to name evildoers, non merely the virtuous I came to convey peace, non to reprobate each clip you fail to populate by my promise why do you believe I d love you the less? Come as you are that how I love you come as you are, trust me once more nil can alter to the love that I bear you all will be good, merely come as you are. God in Hidden Majesty God in concealed stateliness lies in presence here I, with deep devotedness my true God Revere whom this outward form and signifier in secret contains Jesus in his deity manhood still retains. God lay stretched upon the cross, merely adult male could decease here upon the communion table God and adult male both lie this I steadfastly hold as true, this is my belief and I seek redemption, like the deceasing stealer.

Customer Relationship Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Customer Relationship Management - Essay Example Such an organization will have competitive advantages such as certified ISO 9000, reduction in costs, delivery on time, new technologies and CRM implementation. Marketing activities are important because they add value to CRM through tracking a customer’s activities. CRM, in current days, is considered a buzzword in selling and marketing activities (Bidgoli, 2010). There is tracking of cookies, which is similar to that of Google Analytics, which will allow an organization to build a digital trail of a customer interacting with the firm automatically. Google Analytics does provide the overall trends of the visitors while marketing automation will offer tracking at a micro level hence the organization is able to see the activities of its customers. For instance, a customer will open a paper, view the price information in the paper and this information is able to give sales representatives intelligence regarding their prospects. CRM can include capabilities of emails while market ing using automated software will offer comprehensive marketing system via the email. Most of the features of automated marketing include the abilities of sending blast emails that will display each sales representative, email resending tests among others. Traditional forms of marketing used to focus on the 4ps for increasing market share. The market share was increased through increasing the volume of transactions taking place between a buyer and a seller. On the contrary, CRM currently focuses on use of various strategies, procedures, tools and technologies available in promoting good relationship between customers and sellers for the purpose of increasing the sales volume, profit of the firm and creating customer satisfaction. Ways to Deploy CRM Solutions available for CRM today encompass more than just market automation and sales, but also building customer loyalty, mobile and internet business and Web 2.0 driven value of CRM in the society. Therefore, CRM has expanded to be a k ey predictor of the business activities done by enterprises. Options available for an enterprise to consider when deploying CRM include hybrid combination, RMS on the premise, on premise CRM that is managed by the vendors, etc. Organizations that employ o-premise deployment method lease infrastructure that include the operation systems. These applications will be installed in the organization’s data center and hence the entire package will be owned by the organization. The firm can customize the applications as needed because it has full control over all infrastructure and data. Siebel CRM product from Oracle Corporation uses this category and according to Gartner, this type of deployment makes up seventy percent of the total CRM market. Vendor Managed CRM deployment on the premise is similar to on-premise deployment although in this case, the vendor is responsible for providing the operational support for the entire application at the site hosting the application. The firm p reserves the ability of this application to function and they can customize the application to a specified extent. Modifications on this application can be done by mixing internal resources and resources supplied by the vendors. Use of server roles enables a company to deploy other servers to other servers for performance (Wolenik

Case interpretation Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Case interpretation - Research Paper Example These scenarios provide a basic idea about the challenges which might be faced by the business environment in order to survive in the marketplace in the year 2050 (Deutsche Post AG, 2012). Among these case scenarios, this paper aims to evaluate the state of affairs presented in the first scenario, titled as Untamed Economy – Impending Collapse. Furthermore, the paper will assess the challenges which might be faced by the logistic industry due to the most probable challenges in the business environment of 2050. It will also intend to identify the reasons and/or causing factors of these challenges. Case Scenario: Untamed Economy – Impending Collapse The entire world is distinguished with the assistance of unrestricted materialism and consumption. In addition, the rapid growth of international trade set the pace of business and economy all across the world. The advanced global transportation also ensures the frequent exchange of goods and services all across the internatio nal territories and/or boundaries. With this concern, it has been observed that the world economy is forced by unsustainable standard of living along with the uncontrolled exploration of natural resources which in turn creates a string negative impact over the stability of business environment. ... It is most likely to be disrupted by the frequent natural disasters which in turn can have strong influences on the global supply chain increasing capital costs in terms of logistic companies. Apart from this, the international trade is also quite likely to increase the demand of production processes by the companies in the global dais. Therefore, rising insufficiency of energy resources, higher energy prices and costlier raw materials shall lead to slackened profit margin in the industry sector. With this concern, operational managers of the global logistic industry should actively response to the disasters with the help of contingency planning (Operations Manager, 2012). It has further been observed that operational managers are mainly engaged with inventory management processes, shipping and receiving as well as hiring and training employees in the current day context. However, in such probable scenario of 2050, an operational manager shall need to focus on inventory management al ong with strong networking of supply chain according to the regional divergences in order to maintain the profit margin (Johnston & Clark, 2012). Challenges to be faced by the Logistic Industry in the Year 2050 In the year 2050, the logistic industry might have to face various challenges in terms of supply chain disruption, high energy prices, expensive raw materials and shrinking profit margins. In the upcoming eras, there are high chances for scarcity of resources due to the natural disasters and frequent climate changes which in turn shall create the nationalism and protectionist barriers across the international boundaries. Additionally, this might come up with

To what extent did Britain experience a 'cultural revolution' in the Essay

To what extent did Britain experience a 'cultural revolution' in the 1960s - Essay Example The Acts of parliament led to divorce, homosexuality and abortion thus declining the social standards. For instance, National Health Service Act of 1967 allowed for the local authorities to provide free contraceptive pills to women thus leading to secular Britain. The sixties is considered a period when the old framework of morality, authority and discipline in the society disintegrated and led to disrespect of law and order, decline in family values and tuneful music (Moore-Gilbert 1992). The Cultural Revolution was characterized by youthful culture, idealism. Protests, triumph of Afro-American models, changes in sexual behaviours such as gay liberation, and the emergence of new music. It is evident that Swinging Sixties changed British moral standards from Christian based virtues to more secular virtues due to legalisation of homosexuality and abortion (Sandbrook 2007). The technological development in music production technologies led to new music genres such as hard rock and new dressing styles that included unkempt long hair, afro hairstyle and sideburns. Premarital sex and commercialisation of pornography and nudity in television advertisements later led to emergency of sexually transmitted diseases, abortions and high divorce rates (Ferris 1993). The Cultural Revolution was evident in new dressing styles. Some fashion trends include new hairstyles like the beatle boots and mop-top haircut. The hippie movement also introduced bell-bottom jeans, paisley prints and batik fabrics that were common with the youth. In addition, mini-skirts were introduced and bikini family featured in the beach party film in 1963 (Marr 2008). Men also introduced new hairstyles that included crew cut, flattop hairstyle and longer parted hairstyles with sideburns. African women preferred the afro while other mainstream hairstyles included chignon hairstyle, twiggy and beehive hairdos (Marwick 1998). In my opinion, it is evident that the Cultural Revolution led to new fashion desi gns and fashion consciousness among British youth. The youthful population wanted casual wear that displayed their identity of being cool and trendy thus replicating with anti-social behaviours like drug abuse (Marr 2008). The Cultural Revolution is evident in the music industry. In the 1950s, Britain relied entirely on American music but Beatles ventured in American market in 1960s thus making Britain a centre of fashion and music. Many youths admired Beatlemania as pop music erupted with energy thus leading to cultural shifts. The Rolling stones band utilized sexy drawl and feminine pout that drew huge crowds to music concerts. Another striking aspect of the music was unkempt style and wild wear clothing. New music stars such as Cilla Black, Adam Faith and Cliff Richard emerged during the Cultural Revolution. The Zombies, the Animals and Dusty Springfield mainly used protest music that combined new fashion trends and youthful culture thus appealing to the US audience (Moore-Gilber t 1992). In addition, psychedelic music was common in order to enhance the experiences of hallucinogenic drugs while the traditional progressive folk bands shifted to rock and pop music (Sandbrook 2007). Heavy metal music started to gain audience in later 1960s and become popular in the next decade. Carnaby Street in London was

Adolescent Sexual Development

Adolescent Sexual Development Kari Svendsen Abstract: This paper touches on the importance of providing public awareness and education to our educators, parents, and students so that we reduce the number of girls that have onset puberty. It also provides information on how we can teach parents to be supportive during adolescents, which can be a difficult and confusing time for students, which is more important than ever. With the improvement of sexual education programs taught in our school systems, parents and teachers can adequately prepare students for the negative effects of sexual activity before it is too late. The numbers of adolescents engaging in sexual activity, STIs and teen pregnancies can be reduced. Adolescent Sexual Development Sexual maturation and growth spurts both accompany puberty and can be a difficult and confusing time for adolescents, especially with children hitting puberty at an earlier age than ever. It is essential that adolescents have the support of their teachers, parents, and physicians at this transitional time in their lives. Even though sexual education is taught in our school systems, these students are inadequately prepared and a staggering number of students are exposed to sexually transmitted infections and teen pregnancy; not to mention the emotional distress that adolescents will endure. It takes years for the average adolescents’ body to go through the process of sexual maturation. The onset of puberty is not triggered by any particular event, but rather a multitude of things such as stress, genetics, nutrition and diet as well as the amount of body fat to name a few (Gentry, p. 1, 2002). There is also a growth spurt that is brought on by puberty when the skeletal system grows rapidly. This can occur in girls starting at age 10 and boy at age 10.5; this growth spurt usually ends around 19 for girls and 20 for boys (Headlee, p. 7, 2010). Hands legs and feet are first and then the growth spurt will hit the torso; in girls, the sexual hormone will attribute to broader hips. These growths spurts can be an awkward time for adolescent children as their bodies are evening out. Some researchers say there is no external cause for early onset puberty, while others say different. Some researchers have linked obesity as a contributing factor (Parent, p. 670, 2003). The inactivity and poor diet of our youth is putting them at risk for a higher percentage of body fat which leads to premature puberty. Environmental chemical have also been linked to an onset of puberty. Chemicals are added to almost all commercial cleaning products to include: shampoo, teething toys, bottles. Chemicals can also be in the food that adolescents eat. Another onset of puberty can be linked to the absence of a girl’s father; researchers have shown that the longer the girls has been away from her father the earlier she will start her first menstrual cycle (Parent, p. 671, 2003). Research findings show that girls who are ill-prepared for the physical and emotional changes brought on by puberty will have the most difficult time (Gentry, p. 1, 2002). This means that providing adolescents a stable and encouraging environment with family, teachers, and physicians is crucial. Beth Ross, Director of student services at Rockdale County School, expresses her concern of parent and teacher involvement after uncovering a syphilis outbreak in her school system. Rockdale County is a small, close-knit community, made up of wealthy families in a desirable part of Atlanta. Here, at least 19 females and 4 males were part of the syphilis outbreak (Ross, 1999). Through interviews and investigations it was learned that at the center of the outbreak were a group of young girls that were no older than 16 (Ross, 1999). The sexual activity would sometimes be accompanied with the use of drugs and alcohol, and the sexual interactions were with slightly older boys. These interactions would take place at one of the girl’s home when her parents were not in the house. These girls not only had sex with each other but also with all of the other boys in an open and communal environment. Beth Ross has been a counselor for over 16 years and says that the needs of children into today’s world are the same as 16 years ago when she started; they have not changed (Ross, 1999). These children have the same needs, the only thing that has changed is that both sets of parents are now working and have become too â€Å"busy† (Ross, 1999). She also points out that the young girls, who are at such shockingly young ages, that are sexually active and it stems from being asked as well as needing to feel loved and wanted. This comes from something lacking in the childhood for them to desire to become sexually active at such a young age. She mentions that these students are lacking limits and structure in their lives, lack of parents being there for them to say this is how far you go and what is acceptable. Sixteen years ago parents were more adamant about what children were and were not allowed to do so there was no question in their mind what their limits were. Some par ents say that they did not like the way they were raised and that they would never treat their child the way they were treated, but this is when the structure they hated as a child goes out of the window and where rebellion begins. Rules and structure are crucial to children. After the follow-up interview was conducted at Rockdale County, some 6-12 months later, a few of the girls were still sexually active and also still used drugs. There were just a few of the girls that said they were no longer sexually active due to the stricter rules and supervision enforced by their parents. The girls interviewed all seemed to agree that there was still a lack of communication with their parents and that no real action had been taken since the outbreak occurred. By the end of the follow-up interviews and investigation 8 of the over 20 girls were pregnant (Ross, 1999). An extensive study has been conducted by Selma N. Caal, in 2008, on high-risk sexual behavior. Caal reported that youth with highly cohesive families and low peer norms reported low risk sexual behavior; however, youth with highly cohesive families and high peer norms reported high risk sex (Caal, 2008). Youth coming from low cohesive families did not base their sexuality on their peers. If youth perceived that the peers were okay with and engaging in sexual behavior then they were more likely to be sexually active themselves (Caal, 2008). During adolescence teens try to separate from their parents and become closer to their peers, so parental communication regarding sexual behavior is crucial to the youth’s sexual activity. The more time that parents spend away from their children, the more room for risky behavior. In a time when dual parents are working full-time jobs is it harder than ever to stay in communication and enforce rules. Age also plays a factor with risky sexual behavior; as older youth were more likely for this behavior, possibly because of their sexual maturity level (Caal, 2008). Also media plays a very strong role in adolescent sexual behavior as they are exposed to it constantly, and can send messages that high-risk sexual behavior is welcomed and accepted. The age of youth engaging in sexual activity drops each year and is a great concern which proves that our youth should be better educated and monitored not only at home but also in the school system. The numbers of high-risk sexual behavior adolescents could be significantly reduced by educating our youth and holding them more accountable. Advocate for Youth reports the effectiveness of sexual education in schools has contributed to lower numbers in teen pregnancy, lower numbers of youth engaging in unprotected sex, and also delayed initiation of sexual behavior altogether (McKeon, 2006). Sexual education seems to be failing as a whole, as there are 1 million people a day who acquire a sexually transmitted infection (STI) (WHO, 2013). We are failing our youth and our world at a rate of 30 million people a month, 360 million people a year (WHO, 2013). Our adolescents account for nearly half of these numbers. STI’s are causing major infertility problems and in some cases even death. They are also costing billions of dollars annually. Unprotected sex and teen birth is still a problem; however, we are moving in the right direction as a 9 percent drop was recorded from 2009-2010 (Hamilton Ventura, 2012). This puts us at a record low rate of 34.3 births per 1000 girls between the ages of 15-19 (Hamilton Ventura, 2012). Although numbers are lowering, this is a still a major concern for both mother and child as they are rarely able to financially support themselves and cost the public 10.9 billion dollars annually (Hamilton Ventura, 2012). These staggering numbers can change if we start providing The Development Assets, created by the Search Institute, to our youth; this is a guarantee. These assets are 40 research-based encouraging qualities that affect adolescent development. By providing them to our youth, we are helping them to become caring, responsible, and productive adults. These assets have be proven to work and are quickly becoming the most positive youth development in the United States and globally. All across the world and now in other countries it is apparent the positive affect that the assets have been for all cultural and socioeconomic groups (Institute, 2007). Also, high-risk behavior is better predicted by the level of Developmental Assets one has, than their family, resources, or location. However, like with Rockdale County, most of our adolescents will have less than 40 Assets (Institute, 2007). The Developmental Assets include things such as family support, positive family communication, and service to others as well as integrity, honesty, and restraint to name a few. These assets are a stepping stone and a guideline for parents. They can especially be used in a â€Å"busy† lifestyle with both parents working full-time jobs. This checklist allows no excuses for parents who are at a loss and do not know what to do with their child. It also teaches parents and teachers how to hold the children responsible and how to discipline the children instead of allowing their actions to continue. These assets can be appropriately used from the time they are 3 years old through adolescence, and would help in never seeing situation like Rockdale County arise. The more Developmental Assets that a person is exposed to the more likely they are to thrive and be successful. Researchers show that parents can set their children up for a bright future and almost guarantee that they will not be involved in high-risk behavior such as drug and alcohol use, sexual activity and drug use, by providing more assets to their child (Institute, 2007). When our adolescents have more assets they are more diverse, have better opportunities and less likely to become involved in high-risk behaviors. There are also a few Developmental Assets that can possibly help our children to prolong their puberty. One external asset of empowerment is safety, which can be considered as the normal external world but also internal. Parents are responsible for what their children use as far as cleaning products and the food they eat, which both contain chemicals and can increase onset puberty. It is the parent’s responsibility to provide safe and desirable products and food for their children. This also leads to obesity, as it can promote onset maturation. Another external asset is constructive use of time; this means that children should participate in weekly sports club or organization within the school or community. By keeping our children active there will be less room for obesity. Another contribution to onset maturation was the absentee father, which is also covered in the assets in the support section; it states that family should provide children with a constant loving and supporting relationship. Some reasons for an absent father cannot always be avoided; however, providing the child’s father that just chooses to be absent may be swayed if he were introduced to the determent it would cause his daughter. Again, following the Developmental Assets will not only allow us to prolong puberty in girls but also allow us to provide a promising future for our children. Before researching and learning more about sexual behavior in our youth I would have said that if there were sexual education classes in our schools that they shou ld be kept to a minimum and not go into much detail on the topic, this is because of how I grew up. As a family and a school we were not open about our sexuality at all, nor did we have sexual education in our school system. And I personally, did not engage in high-risk sexual behavior nor did I know it was a concern. This could be contributed to my own Developmental Assets that my parents provided me with as there were very few, if any, that I was not given. My views have changed drastically on the need for better and more thorough sexual education programs in our schools after seeing the drastic change in numbers of teen pregnancy and STIs. We have to prevent the age of youth engaging in sexual activity dropping each year; it is a great concern and our responsibility to educate them in schools. We should provide the parents and teachers education classes addressing these issues as they may not have been educated themselves. Schools should make information more available to parents and maybe they will see the importance of this issue. Brochures that address concerns and causes for onset puberty would be beneficial to parents, and also providing information to parents at PTO meetings, and other meetings when they already have the parent’s attention. Our schools are concerned with meetings about budgets and addressing lunch programs and ignoring important issues such as sexual development. It is one thing to teach our students, but we must also teach their parents. Advocate for Youth reports the effectiveness of sexual education in schools has contributed to lower numbers in teen pregnancy, lower numbers of youth engaging in unprotected sex, and also delayed initiation of sexual behavior altogether (McKeon, 2006). I think this proves that sexual education in our schools without a doubt needed. Schools can provide sexual development information at correct ages instead of local news and radio stations trying to stop the spread of sexual activity and STIs. I know now just riding in the car with my daughter in the middle of the day listening to the radio with my daughter, there are condom commercials. She is 7 years old and should not be exposed to that for many years to come. I think the internet and television are far worse and if we are not around to monitor our children from a young age then they will be more likely to partake in these kinds of activities. School is the place to educate our children where they can ask questions and learn from adults, not just assuming on their own and among their peers. We can also offer students counseling and behavioral interventions, hopefully before, but especially after children like Rockdale County, as this would provide both parents and students to find out the underlying cause for wanting to engage in sexual activity. If counseling and treatment were more readily available student would not continue to engage in inappropriate behavior and quite possibly be prevented from becoming teen parents as we also saw with the Rockdale county students. These counseling sessions and treatments can be a more intense version of the sexual education classes in our schools that can provide students who are already sexually active and those who want to become sexually active. They can provide both pre as well as post STI test counseling so that teens can recognize symptoms of these infections, be encouraged to let their partner know, and not go untreated. Also, counseling and intervention should use condom promotion to influence students to practice safe sex and lower the risk of teen pregnancy. By providing public awareness and education to our educators, parents, and students we reduce the number of girls that have onset puberty. Parents being taught to be supportive during adolescents, which can be a difficult and confusing time for students, is more important than ever. With the improvement of sexual education programs taught in our school systems, parents and teachers can adequately prepare students for the negative effects of sexual activity before it is too late. The numbers of adolescents engaging in sexual activity, STIs and teen pregnancies can be reduced. References: Caal, Selma M. (2008) Adolescent Sexual Development: Contextualizing a Cognitive Process in the Decision to Engage in Protective or Risky Sexual Behavior. George Mason University.UMI. Web. 14 Dec. 2013. http://denhamlab.gmu.edu/Theses and Dissertations PDFs/Caal2008.pdf>. CDC. (2011). Effective HIV and STD Prevention Programs for Youth.Sexual Behaviors.http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/sexualbehaviors/effective_programs.htm Gentry, J. (2002). Developing Assests. Washington: American Physcological Assosication. Hamilton, B., Ventura, S. (2012). NCHS Data Brief. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved December 18, 2013, from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db89.htm Headlee, K. (2010). Growth and Development, Ages 13 to 17à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ What You Need to Know. Developing Adolescents, 1, 7. Retrieved December 16, 2013, from http://lee.ifas.ufl.edu/FCS/FCSPubs/Fact_Sheets/Growth_and_Development_13-17.pdf McKeon, B. (2006). Effective Sex Education. Advocates for Youth. Retrieved December 19, 2013, from http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/publications450 Parent, A. (2003). The Timing Of Normal Puberty And The Age Limits Of Sexual Precocity: Variations Around The World, Secular Trends, And Changes After Migration. Endocrine Reviews, 24(5), 668-671. Parke, R. D. Gauvain, M. (2009).Child psychology: A contemporary viewpoint(7th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill. Ross, B. (1999). The Lost Children of Rockdale County. PBS. Retrieved December 21, 2013, from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/georgia/interviews/beth.html Institute. (2007). 40 Developmental Assets. Search Institute. Retrieved December 12, 2013, from http://www.search-institute.org/what-we-study/developmental-assets Sexually transmitted infections (STIs). (2013). WHO. Retrieved December 20, 2013, from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs110/en/

Religion in Pat Barkers Regeneration :: Pat Barker Regeneration Essays

Religion in Pat Barker's Regeneration In Pat Barker's novel Regeneration, one of the main characters, Dr. Rivers, is presented with a patient who is not mentally ill at all, but very sane. In trying to "heal" this patient, Rivers begins to have an internal conflict about the job he is doing and the job he should be doing. He is fighting with himself until on page 149, he is in a church where they are singing a very popular hymn, "God Moves in a Mysterious Way." At this point, Rivers is able to begin resolving his conflict. By using this hymn, Barker is able to emphasize one of the novel's theme: in times of war, reflection on religion not only brings peace to a country, but can bring peace within yourself. The author of the famous hymn "God Moves in a Mysterious Way" is William Cowper. He was born to John Cowper and Ann Donne on November 26, 1731. In 1768, Cowper moved to Olney in Buckinghamshire ("William Cowper"). Three years later, he started what would be known as the "Olney Hymns," but because of severe melancholy, Cowper did not finish this work until 1779. The very last hymn in this book is "Light Shining out of Darkness" (Cowper). This hymn is the one that most Christians all over England would know as "God Moves in a Mysterious Way." Even though the hymn may not have been as popular among the soldiers on the battlefield, according to Alan Wilkenson's book, The Church of England and the First World War, "[a]t home, 'God moves in a mysterious way' was a very popular hymn" (157). Historians did not comment on why this particular hymn was so popular during the war. However, the verses in the hymn remind Christians that God is watching over them, and that He has a purpose for every thing He does (Cowper). This idea may have provided some reassurance to the families and friends of soldiers on the battlefield. Those with loved ones serving their country may have found comfort knowing that God had a plan, and that He was watching over their soldiers. Other hymns, as well as religion in general, were an important part of the soldiers' and officers' lives. Over forty million prayer books, hymn books, and Bibles were distributed among soldiers during the first two years of war by several different agencies. Many of the books had the typical inscription: "Please carry this in your pocket and read it every day" (Wilkinson 153).